Gandhi

GANDHIS ROLE IN ENDING BRITISH RULE IN INDIA India was wholenessness of the in force(p) distinguished British colonies in Asia. During the First World state of warfare (1914-1918), the British g overnment promised the Indians that if they fought against the Germans in return would receive bang-uper administrative autonomy. After the war, however, the promise was non fulfil lead. Instead, the representatives of the British government began to carminely repress in only attempts at emancipation of India. The of import Indian leader who opposed British regulation was Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948).The main resource used by him in the struggle against the British was based on the dodge of phone numberive non- craze. Gandhi preached gracious disobedience and non-violence, (Satygraha) of the Indians against the English authorities through non-payment of taskes and rejection of British industrial products. The purpose was to break up the opponent, preventing any cooperation wit h it, solely without using violence. Mahatma Gandhi was the preeminent leader of Indian nationalism in British-ru lead India.Employing non-violent civil disobedience, Gandhi guide India to independency and inspired movements for non-violence, civil rights and freedom across the origination. When Gandhi arrived in India, the First World War was at its height. At first he ignored this. He addressed the British Viceroy of India entirely take aback him by declaring shame at having to speak in English whilst in India. He as well verbally attacked the rich Indian princess who was loyal to British rule. Many princesses were deeply offended and walked out.After show its position against the British rule and seeing that the Indian population was hurt in British hands he began a Satyagraha operate to help poor Indian peasants in the district of Bihar. This was more a protest against conditions than against the British, but it did involve Gandhi encouraging Indians to refuse to pay taxes . In 1917, surprisingly, Gandhi joined a campaign organized by the British Viceroy to persuade ordinary Indians to join the British on the Battlefields of France against the Germans. He personally toured the Indian District of Kheda in support of the campaign.The Salt March, excessively known as the Salt Satyagraha, began with the Dandi March on March 12, 1930, and was an important part of the Indian license movement. It was a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British brininess monopoly in colonial India, and triggered the wider polite Disobedience Movement. This was the about significant organized challenge to British authority since the Non-cooperation movement of 192022, and directly celebrateed the Purna Swaraj declaration of independence by the Indian National Congress on January 26, 1930.Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (comm sole(prenominal) called Mahatma Gandhi) led the Dandi march from his base, Sabarmati Ashram near Ahmedabad, to the sea coast near the village of Dandi. As he continued on this 24 day, 240 mile (390 km) march to produce coarseness without paying the tax, growing numbers of Indians joined him along the counseling. When Gandhi broke the salinity laws at 630 am on April 6, 1930, it sparked large scale acts of civil disobedience against the British Raj salt laws by millions of Indians.The campaign had a significant effect on changing world and British attitude towards Indian independence and caused large numbers of Indians to join the fight for the first time. At the end of the First World War seemed to hold great promise to India. She had been invited to the Versailles Peace Conference as a separate power in her own right. Also, towards the end of the war, the Montagu Declaration had promised increased participation in the government and ripeice outline of Indian hatful.However, this promise was dashed by ii events in the immediate occlusion later the war o The Rowlatt Acts these acts sa id that the rights of Indians to free speech and protest would not be fully restored even though the war had ended. o The Amritsar Massacre After some protests the British rule weakened. To solve the problem, a encounter was organized. The meeting was meant to be peaceful and made up of men, women and children. further the British ordered his troops to line up facing the crowd and to open fire.No final warning was presumption to the protesters. Those two things were a great mistake. Jawaharlal Nehru, also known as Pandit Nehru was an Indian statesman who was the first (and to date the longest tenure of) prime minister of India, from 1947 until 1964. Ward leader in the socialist Indian National Congress during and after the effort of India to independence from the British Empire, became the Prime Minister of India at independence. His real initiation into politics came when he came in conform to with Mahatma Gandhi in 1919.At that time Mahatma Gandhi had launched a campaign agai nst the Rowlatt Act. Nehru was instantly attracted to Gandhis commitment for active but peaceful civil disobedience. Jawaharlal Nehru was take mayor of Allahabad in 1924 and served for two age as chief executive of the city. From 1926 to 1928, Jawaharlal served as secretaire General of the Committee of the Congress of the United Provinces. In 1928-29, the annual session of the Congress under chairperson Motilal Nehru was held.During that session Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose backed a call for full semipolitical independence, while Motilal Nehru and separates cherished dominion circumstance within the British Empire. To resolve the issue, Gandhi offered the British to grant in two years the domain precondition to India, some otherwise the Congress would launch a national struggle for full political independence. Nehru and Bose reduced that period to one year. The British did not respond. In December 1929, the annual session of the Congress was held in Lahore and Jawaharlal Nehru was elected as president of the Congress Party.During the session, a resolution demanding Indias independence was passed and on January 26, 1930 in Lahore, Jawaharlal Nehru busy having a flag of free India. And Gandhi made the call for civil disobedience movement in 1930. The movement in the long run forced the British government to recognize the involve for major political reforms and ended up macrocosm a great success. After the Second World War, in 1947, the state of Britain gave India its political Independence, but the grease was divided into the republic of India, the Hindu majority, and republic of Pakistan (East and West), with a Muslim majority.Later, in 1972, after a violent war, East Pakistan separated from the West and was renamed Bangladesh. He was genuinely important for the India independence because he introduced a naked as a jaybird charge to think, a new way to fight without having to lose lives. In my opinion he was the more or less impor tant factor for the ending of the British rule in India. Thanks to him Indians are free of suffering in British hands, he created a new way of avoid loss of lives and fighting. He showed to the world a new way to live and find what you want, a non-violence way.GandhiTo what extent has the importance of Gandhi been exaggerated in persuading the British government to circulate India independence in 1947? Gandhi wasnt as significant as mess think he was during the struggle for Indian independence. Some believe that Gandhi was the reason why Britain gave independence to India, race exaggerated over his abilities and his actions during the struggle for Indian Independence, and so he thus became the Father of India this again precise exaggerated his importance. tho then again, after the Second World War, Britain would mother given India independence anyway due(p) to Britain becoming bankrupt which would reserve meant that Britain would be possessed of to give India independen ce because they couldnt afford to hold open guard and order in such a big unsophisticated equivalent India. Therefore, Gandhi didnt actually need to go on big campaigns, because roughly of them would impression in a huge number of slew universe killed or die of starvation.These are the key parts that large number throw out and over exaggerate about Gandhis importance. Just like the Amritsar massacre and the Bengali Famine, India was punished for the trouble they have caused for Britain, which resulted in lots of Indians being killed. In a way, Gandhi knew that his campaigns would be result in some people being killed and he could have done it differently, in a more peaceful way, because Britain would have given India independence eventually.Gandhi set himself a design, to unite the whole of India so that Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs could live to constructher without the British Raj, but he failed to do that and because he failed we now have a separated India, which resulted in millions of people losing their lives due to Gandhis decisions and actions . Overall, Gandhi authentically annoyed the British, which caused them to act in a way they wouldnt necessarily act, like shooting in a crowd of Indians.Also, like the Quit India Campaign, which Gandhi introduced and said to his crevice Indians to try trouble on the streets of India, Gandhi theme that this will eventually lead to Britain getting fed up of the continual trouble and then grant them the Independence, which they have so badly been fighting for, but this only led to more Indians being killed. This proved to be a disaster for Gandhi and due to some decisions he made, India split into three, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Also resulting acts threats of terrorism to each on of the three countries.This again shows what an impact Gandhi still has today due to his work and the methods he picked to free India. This may have had an influence on some famous figures in History such as Martin Lut her King, but then again, it resulted in Millions of people losing their lives due to Gandhi not being successful in one of his main goals, such as uniting India. When the Rowlatt Act came into law, Gandhi proposed that the entire country observe a hartal, a day of fasting, prayer, and abstention from physical labor, in protest against the injustice of the repressing new law.Millions of Indians followed Gandhis words and started to fight back against the British, they simply didnt go to work close to the whole of India came to a halt for the whole day. Following the words of Gandhi, some Indians came together in groups, which was against the Rowlatt act law. A General in the British army in India named General Dyer became furious and decided to acquire the Indians a lesson and so he went to the meeting in Amritsar and massacred nearly all the Indians that simply came together to comprehend to each other. All eyes were on Gandhi, because it was his words that led to this massacre .Even though Gandhi knew that his instructions to Indians would cause worrying for the British, but also for India, but he as well ask the risk anyway. Again this shows that Gandhis words proved to be futile, because the British would always respond back to the actions made by Gandhi and the Indian people. Even though Gandhi knew that, he would still continue his campaign, which would later cause chaos on the streets of India. But his actions were seen as successful because no one had actually qualityped up to the British, this again exaggerates his importanceFurthermore, Gandhis campaigns may have been effective against the British, but it also came with a huge sacrifice. Gandhis campaigns really annoyed The British, especially Winston Churchill. Gandhi, The Father of India and Churchill, the Prime minister of Britain had a clash of ideas. Because Gandhi won, people see him as defeating one of the most powerful men in the world. But it came at a huge cost this really exaggerates his importance because people dont really see the other side. His campaigns eventually led to the Bengal famine, which resulted in millions of people starving to death.Gandhis campaigns are thought to of led to the Bengal famine, and the amount of money Britain had to pay for the damage, and so they tried to put an end to it by climb an example. In a way, Churchill really badly wanted to punish the Indians for all the trouble they caused. Churchill did this by lemniscus shipments of supplies to Bengal and instead he sent them to soldiers in Africa, which they didnt really need. The famine lasted between one to two years. Churchill himself said, I hate Indians, The famine was their own fault. Some may argue that, he is referring to just Gandhi and the problems he has made for Britain to clean up.Overall, Gandhis actions and the decisions he made had a huge effect on India and Britain, which then, led to the Bengal famine and as a result Millions of woman and children died. Church ill only tried to show Gandhi he too can cause trouble for India, he also tried to warn Gandhi and the rest of India that this would be the result of the actions and the amount trouble they cause. But Gandhi didnt stop and continued with his campaigns to free India. On the other hand, Gandhi didnt always cause trouble but some measure he forced the British to just give up. Gandhi devised a great march to the coast this would twist famous as the salt march.Gandhi realized that the British tax on salt would become an advantage. Gandhi soon started to walk with his members of the Indian congress party and other followers to the Indian coast. Soon after, umpteen people joined him. Afterwards he had whole villages rat him he then arrived at the coast and encouraged people to take as much salt as they possibly can because the British couldnt do anything about it. But, soon afterwards, as he arrived back, the British authorities had arrested him and thrown him in jail. This had caused m ass screechinging, some people were killed and so the British had no other option, but to release him.The British government had to pay a lot of money for all the damage and mess that the rioters had made. Gandhi proved himself to the Indian people as a leader. The period of non-cooperation that began in 1920 truism Gandhi moving all across India, encouraging people to give up their Western clothing and British jobs. Soon afterwards Gandhis Congress party would become an organization filled with people operative for it, this then proved to be an organization fit to become a professional party pose to lead their fellow Indians to Independence.Gandhis work despite the interference of the British authorities was a great success. Gandhi then would introduce a civil disobedience campaign, which would prove to be a mistake that shake the world. During one of the protests that night a group of Indians broke into one of the colonial outposts and killed legion(predicate) of the people work there. Horrified by the actions of his fellow Indians, Gandhi abandoned his plan for civil disobedience and retired into a period of fasting and prayer.Even as the Viceroy of India and the Prime minister of Britain wanted Gandhi out of the way, they couldnt due to the political system Britain had in effect for since the early stages of the British Empire. The media were always there, and the class system in Britain was very important during that time, and so if the British authorities in India or Britain were to throw Gandhi in a jail for life history or even execute him which they could of done very easily, but it would harm their reputation as the most advanced nation in the world.People would see the British as savages this system came to Gandhis advantage during the salt march. From 1934 until the outbreak of war in 1939, Gandhi left the struggle for independence to Nehru. He began traveling through India again, workings with women and children, helping the poor, and prom oting use of the old fashioned Indian spinning wheel. He went from village to village, teaching others of the way of true India, barefoot and on the road for months at a time.Gandhi wanted to prove to all Indians that they didnt need to wear western clothing or use western methods of making clothes, and that the Indian way was better, he did this to try and get everyone to do the same and then it would have been much easier to unite India. But people often get mistaken and believe that this method of uniting India wasnt as effective, sure people do get together, but teaching the true Indian ways of doing things showed that Gandhi tried to get people together. But just when people were getting along, he introduced the Quit India Campaign people would riot on the streets killing many people.Again people dont see the other side of Gandhi and over exaggerate his importance by pointing out that he taught many Indians the true Indian way in the hope that they would get along and unite to overcome oppression from the British. Gandhi didnt support the war, and when Britain called for India to help them in the upcoming Battle of Britain, which would decide the future of Britain, the war and even the world, But Gandhi and the rest of India refused, and in a way, also helping the Nazis because they werent helping the allies and instead helping Hitler and the Nazis by not fighting.But they only fought to protect their own country from invasion. Japan, a growing empire decided to start the invasion of India and wanted to overthrow the British Raj and have India for themselves, but they lost to the Indian sepoys supported by Gandhi. So, in a way they could have helped Britain, but they also had the Japanese looking to extend their border. This then resulted in many deaths over in Britain, which were lucky enough to snatch a victory at the battle of Britain.Three years after his wifes death was a time of struggle for Gandhi, the growing Muslim league and Jinnah were looking to have a country of their own Pakistan in the far west of India and Bangladesh in the far east of India. Gandhis dreams of a united India were beginning to shatter. This shows that his main dream of uniting India was beginning to end this shows that Gandhi wasnt very successful and failed to reach his goal, therefore Gandhi was only useful in gaining independence so that others can have theirs within the country.Elections were beginning to be held in India, they were between the Congress party and the Muslim league. India was becoming a piece of land which was going to be torn apart between two different faiths. The political Parties of India were beginning to look like true professionals. MPs were elected in heavy Hindu and Muslim parts of India. The fate of India was to be decided. After the war, Britain was absolutely spent the whole treasury. It was now empty and people were so hungry they had to eat cat food.This eventually led to many countries getting their independence bec ause Britain couldnt afford to keep control and order in many countries like India, it became ungovernable and so Britain just gave up and gave them their independence. India received independence not from Gandhis methods of Satyagraha, but through total anarchy and outbreaks of violence across the country. This shows that everyone forgot about Gandhi because he wasnt important to them and believed that the methods he used were wrong because people were dying(p) for nothing, and so Gandhis methods were fading away.Overall, Gandhi claimed to represent all of India during the Round-Table conferences, but as he later erudite to know that there were some who didnt agree with him, such as Jinnah, the Muslim league and all other Muslims living in India, even though Gandhis and Nehrus Congress party had the most seats in the Indian parliament, Gandhi still thought he represented the whole of India which means that he forgot all about the Muslims and Sikhs that wanted to remain separate.S o in a way, he failed to reach his main goal which many people failed to notice during the later stages of India receiving independence. Disaster followed, violence swept the country as Hindus and Muslims killed one another. Nearly all fled the newly created borders, seeking safety in India or Pakistan, depending upon their religion. Millions had died while many other Millions were forced to flee their homes it proved to be a disaster for Gandhi and his dreams of united India.Gandhi felt betrayed by his fellow Indians he felt that that no one had listened to him, that the people of India hadnt learned a thing during the times of his campaigns and great marches which taught Indians to stay together, he believed that India would become independent only if they unite. But sadly, his dreams would only become a vision he once had. Later on Gandhi would give some speeches and show up in some important events, but then something, which shook the entire world, had occurred, Gandhi was assas sinated. But even after his death he then somehow still influences people from around the world.Overall, Gandhi didnt reach his main goal to unite India, but it is thought that Gandhi was the reason why India got their independence. This is usually exaggerated as a strong sense of sympathy for Gandhi after his death. Eventually India would of gotten their independence due Britain, which couldnt afford to keep control of India and so they would of gotten their independence even without Gandhi. But then again, Gandhis campaign inspired many other famous people, such as, Martin Luther King, who then used Gandhis methods of non-violent protest, which would eventually then lead to black-Americans gaining their Civil Rights.Gandhi explained in one of his speeches that it is important not to fight against the British, but simply just not follow the orders and laws passed, such as dont meet up in large groups. Gandhi told people not to follow that order and do the complete opposite, which t hen lead to the Amritsar massacre. Gandhi failed to reach his aims, but became a very famous figure in history due to his campaigns and the first ever use of peaceful protesting, which then after his death, Gandhi was claimed to be a hero and savior of India.People exaggerate Gandhis importance because they usually miss out on the specific detail that is very vital to understanding Gandhi. The exaggeration of Gandhis importance is also due to India having Gandhi as their only leader, this may be important because he was the first to step up to the British, but on the other hand he failed in uniting India against the British. Sure he may have had a role in the struggle for independence, but he caused India to divide, which caused millions of people losing their lives.