Is418 Lab8

IS 418 LAB 8 1. Explain the following command: rpm –qf/bin/ls -RPM command is used for installing, uninstalling, upgrading, querying, listing, and checking RPM packages on your Linux system. 2. Discuss the purpose of a software repository as it relates to YUM. -The yum system does not require any routine maintenance. It is useful to disable or remove repository definitions that are no longer required, as each repository that is defined and enabled is checked for every operation. You may also wish to periodically remove files relating to unwanted packages, in order to save disk space 3.How can one ensure a download tar ball is legitimate and hasn’t been tampered with? -Run a checksum test 4. List and explain at least 3 switches available with the tar command that can be useful in extracting and installing a tarball -ark 5. List and explain at least 3 switches associated with the rpm command that can be leveraged to verify, list and install rpm packages? tar zxvf makefile . tar. gz cd make file ./install/ 6. What security countermeasure can you enable to verify the integrity of download application or tar balls before you perform the installation? -used Ark to extract the tar ball . Explain what hashing is and how does this differ from encryption? -Hashing is just line of code and it not encrypted 8. If you wanted to know which package a certain program belonged to, what command would you run? -tar xvzf PACKAGENAME. tar. gz 9. Once you have downloaded an RPM package, what command would you run if you want to extract the files to a directory of your choice -tar xzvf file. tar. gz 10. Where would you find checksum hashes for all install program in a Fedora Core Linux Server? -Verification code called a hash computed from the original ISO files.

Motives for American Colonization

The â€Å"discovery† of the New World by Christopher Columbus led to a new chapter in history that no one at the time could have anticipated. For many Europeans, it offered a better life than the one they were living, which led to the colonization of the Americas. Motives that fueled European colonization were that the New World offered religious freedom, a fresh start for those who were impoverished and in debt, and better opportunities to acquire large amounts of land and wealth. The Protestant Reformation in the 16th century led to conflict between Catholics and Protestants who sought to reform the Catholic Church. At the start of the 17th century, Puritan Separatists became subject of harassment, which made many flee to the New World where they could establish Separatist communities away from any persecution. Christian missionaries also went to the Americas in search of new converts. They saw the indigenous people of the New World as savage and uneducated, taking it into their own and making it their duty to bring them into the Christian faith. Another motive for European colonization of the Americas was for a fresh start in a new land. England in the 17th century had little job opportunity and low wages, leaving many young men looking for work. Those who opted to go to the New World were given a chance to clear their debts along with a chance at life in the colonies, in exchange for a set amount of labor as an indentured servant. These people were promised their freedom , small parts of land, tools to farm, and clothes once their time as indentured servants was up. To the thousands of jobless, bachelors in England, this was an offer to sweet to resist. Many other Europeans in search of economic opportunity made the long trip to the Americas, not to become indentured servants escaping their debts, but rather to make their fortunes in the fertile soils of the colonies. This was especially true in the Caribbean, and in the southern region of the English colonies, where sugar and tobacco could be grown in abundance. These were commodities that went into high demand in Europe, making plantation owners fabulously wealthy. Those who had the most money also held the most influence in politics around the colonies. With this in mind, along with the relatively low prices to acquire vast amounts of land, middle and upper-class Europeans alike found the New World to be very attractive. There were many different motives for Europeans to leave their lives behind and come to the America. One of these was the promise of religious freedom, being able to practice a faith and establish religious communities without fear of persecution, or to seek coverts to the Christian faith. Other motives were for economic opportunity, whether it was to start over in the New World without debt, or to establish oneself as a successful plantation owner. These and countless other reasons drove thousands of European men and women to the Americas.

Macbeth: Illusion vs. Reality

Kendall Dawson 1/23/12 Macbeth- Illusion v Reality Thesis: In Shakespeare Macbeth the theme illusion v Reality was an important theme that was displayed throughout the play. The Illusions are what influenced the characters reality. When the illusions were displayed they were interpreted in reality and majority of the time sparked a negative outcome. â€Å"Foul is Fair, Fair is Soul (Act 1. p. 7)† is repeatedly quoted throughout the play. The Interpretation of this quote relates in depth to what seems right in this story actually is not, pertaining to the misleading illusions throughout the essay that caused him to kill people and to be haunted by his sins endlessly. Evidence/Supporting Sentence Witches prophecies were illusions because in reality some were misleading to Macbeth causing him further trouble throughout the play. Their appearance as well is an illusion. â€Å"You appear to have beards, but you also look like women (Act 1). Macbeth should have realized that if he could not believe if their external appearance he should have not trusted in their prophecies. â€Å"It is an accustomed action with her to seem thus washing her hands. I have known her to continue in this a quarter of an hour (Act 5. sc. 1). † Lady Macbeth believes her hands are stained of the blood of those she has slain and she is haunted by it so she continues to wash them even though there is not any blood. False face must hide what the false heart doth know (Act 4). † Macbeth had given this advice to Lady Macbeth who has begun to be haunted by the slaying. He wanted her to mask her discern, as well as black out the haunting nightmares and keep a happy face to the public. At the end of the play Lady Macbeth became very regretful and concerns her for life. She admitted to the crimes her and her husband committed as well as knew she was going to be slain in return.

High speed stereo imaging techniques for flame studies Research Proposal

High speed stereo imaging techniques for flame studies - Research Proposal Example Researchers have invented several laser sources currently in use for several purposes. According to Blaum (2003), these first laser sources are expensive though efficient; hence the need to improve them in terms of reducing the cost while maintaining efficiency. Caspani (2013) says examples of novel laser sources include optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) and diode-pumped Nd lasers. These laser sources have certain properties and behavior as explained in the following paragraphs. Optical parametric oscillators involve optical cavities that resonate at comb frequencies. They have ultra-small volume due to their optical cavities with dimensions in microns. The ultra-small volume results in increased sensitivity to heat induced by a pump laser; hence shifting the cavity resonance. Chang (2010) says this needs continuous manipulation of the pump wavelength in order to track the thermal drift. When pumped by an appropriate external laser, the micro cavities generate multiple, equally spaced new frequencies through nonlinear optical processes. Diode-pumped Nd lasers include Nd: YVO4, Nd: GdVO4, Nd: FAP, Nd: SFAP, and Nd: SVAP and are all crystals in nature. According to Liu (2014), the crystals belong to two different types of structures. Both Nd: YVO4 and Nd: GdVO4 have the zircon (vanadate) structure which is tetragonal with a space group of141/amd while Nd: FAP, Nd: SFAP and Nd: SVAP have the apatite structure which is hexagonal with space group of P63/m. They all have high emission-section lifetime product, which means they should have a low threshold. According to Wirsig (2010), the temperature dependence (dn/dT) is positive for the vanadates while negative for the apatites meaning the vanadates have higher thermal sensing than the apatites. According to Patterson (1989), the thermal conductivity of the vanadates goes up to 2.5 times than the apatites;

Cultural Competence in Nursing Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cultural Competence in Nursing Practice - Essay Example From his responses it could be obtained that he expects medical treatments and healthcare services from both private and government institutions. According to him, funding of medical treatments in his country is based upon publicly funded universal healthcare system and hence even in a different country, his expectations are such that the systems would be similar to some extent. In terms of healthy lives, Australia belongs to one of the top ranks in the world, hence he expects similar treatment to be available for him in another country as well. As far as his perception regarding the American healthcare and nursing system is concerned, it could be obtained from his responses that he is significantly satisfied with the funding programs in medical treatments offered by the country, although here the control are mostly in the hands of private organizations. According to him, America provides with significant and all necessary facilities for healthcare and the quality of treatments is also high. However one factors which concerns him is the cost of treatment in America, which is significantly high per person and hence is perceived as difficult to afford, by him in general. The interviewee also mentioned that nurses need to be more cooperative and understanding towards the patients belonging to other cultures. According to him, nurses are responsible for a large part of the treatment procedures and that patients need to be associated well with the nurses for enhanced treatment and wellbeing of the patients. Hence if nurses are ignorant of the patients only because they belong to a different culture, it would prove to have negative impact on the patients. It can be obtained that cultural competence is an essential factor in terms of nursing and healthcare systems. Cultural competence involves enhanced understanding of the different people and their cultures, thereby improving

Is violence heriditary or genetic Research Paper

Is violence heriditary or genetic - Research Paper Example Appendix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15. Problem statement There is a high likelihood that childhood aggression and antisocial behavior in adolescent stages of development have less relationship with the genetics of the parents than it can be a hereditary characteristic. Purpose of study The research investigates the correlation that exists between childhood aggression and the prevalence of antisocial behavior during the adolescence stage. The study’s core purpose was to prove whether aggression (including childhood aggression and adolescent antisocial behavior) is hereditary or emanates from genetics of the child’s parents. Identification of framework This study is helpful in explaining the relationship between aggression, including childhood aggression and antisocial behavior among adolescents, and the parents’ genetic makeup. It also helps to prove if violence, childhood aggression and antisocial among adolescents, is hereditary. Information of designed The research determines the extent to which violence (dependent variables), in the form of childhood aggression and antisocial behavior among adolescents, depends on genetic traits of parents (independent variable). Is violence hereditary or genetic? Abstract There are exceptional advantages of undertaking research in every field of knowledge. Nursing is a fundamental field in everyday lives, a need that underscores the necessity of undertaking research to boost the provision of nursing services. Possible research topics in the field of include the exploration of the principalities behind the prevalence of violence in the society. The question as to whether violence is hereditary or genetic forms a viable area of research in nursing. Childhood violence and subsequent observations as antisocial behavior among adolescents is on as escalating trend, in the society. A number of literatures are available on this field of nursing, as discussed in this research. This study investigates the source of violence, whether hereditary or related to the genetics of the parents. There are various depictions of violence as childhood aggression and antisocial behavior among adolescents. According to the research, violence is a hereditary trait. Introduction A theory refers to an abstract of a possible description of the functionalities of a principle stated in a logical way. Studies conducted to validate such abstract explanations refer to a research. Research, in the field of nursing, explores a number of areas. It is useful in exploring principles regarding the state of children, as well. Nursing involves the provision of comprehensive care to individuals. The care extends to that provided to members of the community and entails a vital role in nursing. Children face a number of risks and their protection forms a noble role in the field of nursing. Inhumane treatments are among the different challenges children face in the society. In as much as children continue to face a number of challenges, childhood aggression and a consequential prevalence of antisocial behavior in adolescents, is on an escalating trend in society, a factor that draws concern from a number of researchers, in the field of nursing. Studies show factors that link childhood aggression to antisocial conducts upon attaining adolescence stage. The research investigates the correlation that exists between childhood aggression and the prevalence of antisocial behavior during the adolescence stage

Using Human Embryos in Stem Cell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Using Human Embryos in Stem Cell - Essay Example From this study it is clear that  there is a hotly debated ethical issue, however, in harvesting of immature embryos for this purpose as many individuals in society believe that embryos in this very early stage of development should be considered living beings with the same moral rights as the average human.This discussion highlights that  those that prescribe to the deontological view of ethics believe this is an immoral act and that these early-stage embryos should be afforded the same universal human rights as fully developed human beings. Deontologists believe there is a singular moral code that should justify all actions against the call of duty toward this code. The utilitarian view of ethics and those who believe in this ideology of morality believe that it is perfectly acceptable practice so long as the utility of the majority in society is satisfied.  The utilitarianist perspective on the destruction of early-stage embryos as a means of advancing knowledge and medical treatments for those in society afflicted by disease is that this is morally permissible and should be heralded. The utilitarian view of ethics is that the ends serve to justify the means so long as the utility of the majority is satisfied.  Stem cell research maintains the ability to cure or otherwise treat countless members of society that suffer from genetic diseases and even severe physical trauma.  The regenerative properties of stem cells derived from early-developed embryos have significant tissue damage repair capacities.

William Faulkner's A Rose for Emily Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

William Faulkner's A Rose for Emily - Essay Example Although the story begins with Emily's death, enough information is given to track the course of her life. As a young teenager, she lived with a very strict father, who chased away all her boyfriends. When he died, Emily was already past 30 and still single, meaning he was all she had. She didn't want to release his body for burial, but the town forced her to and she went into depression for a long time. What brought her out of the depression was meeting and dating a Northerner, Homer Barron, who was a manager of a work crew installing sidewalks. The town didn't approve of the match, because he was far below Miss Emily's social status, and they tried to break up the couple. Emily bought a large amount of arsenic this time and would not explain what she needed it for, but the town decided to believe it was for rats. Since they couldn't break up the couple, the town wrote to Miss Emily's cousins who came for a visit, effectively chasing Homer away. When the cousins left, Homer returned at least once, but the town thought he and Emily must have had a fight because they never saw Homer again. She refused to pay her property taxes and she ignored the town's complaints about a bad odor that was coming from the house for a while, but apart from town girls whom she taught china painting, no one was ever invited in. After Miss Emily died, the town discovered Homer's body in an upstairs bedroom, lying on a bed with one of Miss Emily's grey hairs on the pillow beside it. Part 2: Setting, Atmosphere, Pattern/Structure, Point of View The setting of the story is an old crumbling mansion in the South, making the story officially a Southern gothic. Miss Emily's house was once a very fine house in a very respectable part of town, but the neighborhood and the house have deteriorated over the years and the town around it has continued to grow and change. Because of the change between the vibrant town and the crumbling mansion, the atmosphere of the story becomes eerie. There is a strong sense of strangeness as the younger generation attempts to understand the factors that influenced Miss Emily's life and her passionate adherence to the past. This atmosphere is created through constant references to the strange, old, and deteriorating elements, and the puzzled reactions of townspeople as they attempt to deal with Miss Emily. Although there is a clear story told that traces Miss Emily's life, it is not told in chronological order or even reverse chronological order. Instead, the story jumps back and forth in time, starting with Emily's death, then scrolling back to a time about 10 years earlier when Miss Emily refused to pay her taxes. This leads to recollections among the town members of another time when Miss Emily confounded the town elders to do something about the terrible smell coming from her house, but the town pitied her because she had just been jilted by the only man she had ever dated. This causes reflection to move even further back to the reason why Emily is still single and further puzzlement as to why Emily wouldn't allow the town to take away his body after her father died. Another memory is triggered, jumping forward again, to a time when Miss Emily bought a large amount of arsenic, and then moves back to talk about Miss Emily's dating Homer Barron and his disappearance with the arrival of Miss Emily's cousins (after the townspeople wrote to them about the unsuitable match). Finally, it jumps back to Miss Emily's death and the discoveries that took place after her funeral. This structure is meaningful to the work, because it contributes to the sense of strangeness and it reflects the town's shock as they slowly begin to piece the evidence together of what must have happened. The narrator of the story is

The Comparison between Stocks of Chinese Companies in U.S. and Stocks Term Paper

The Comparison between Stocks of Chinese Companies in U.S. and Stocks in China using SAS - Term Paper Example The stock market has grown rapidly over the years from the commencement of big firm’s addition in the last few years. Moreover, at the present more than 80% of the overall capitalization of Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKSE) market that abides to the US rules and regulations and is open to the outside investors. This is in consistence of China as a mainland creating a market of H share. Putting together the listed firms on the list and in trade in these 3 exchanges, the stock exchange of China is the 2nd biggest worldwide, just following the markets of US equity. On the other hand, the equity market of China has become substandard, in particular in comparison to the GDP growth. In December 31, 1991 since as per December 31, 1990 there was barely any listed stock. Ironically, the composite of Shanghai has the most terrible performing index globally. The big question here is; how is it that the world rapidly evolving economy with a realistic growth rate factor of GDP being 8 since the year 1991, gives a bad performance in the stock market. I can say not much research on this has been done to address this big question. This is then, is the aim of this paper. When USA had problems, investors began searching for new markets, in which there would be high probability of earning cash. In the last 30 years China has shown growth economically, though its stock market shows bad results in performance. Consequently, this has caused attraction to quite a number of investors. In spite of its quick growth economically, Chinese stock market fails to show any significant improvement. Moreover, Chinese stock market got particular features that ought to be done analysis and assessment by those wishing to invest. The stock market of China was no go zone for a given period due to the unique characteristics of its market that had cut down its market integrity. I believe this market has been influenced by the

Social Viewpoints Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Social Viewpoints - Research Paper Example The system would also promote affirmative action programs to ensure racial minorities have better opportunities. I am not a big fan of this model as it takes away the incentive to work had if you cannot keep a lot of your money. Another model is the opposite of social justice. People should be personally responsible. Taxes should be at a low level for everyone. Social security payments should be small to avoid people becoming dependent on them. A third model you might find would be an extreme version of social justice: the nanny state. This system does everything for everyone, but it is very coercive. It provides cradle to grave benefits but at a high cost (Harsanyi, 2). People lose a lot of freedom in this system. It is a bit like the book Brave New World. People have everything, all their material needs, but they lack freedom. If I had to choose I would choose freedom: the personal responsibility to

Specialist Provision BA Child and Youth Studies Essay

Specialist Provision BA Child and Youth Studies - Essay Example The last in my discussion is the medical and health conditions that may slow down the learning progress of a child or treatment that affects his or her education. I propose that a parent interacts with the child on daily basis so as to identify some of these difficulties. For example, talk often to the nursery school teacher to know the progress of your child. In case of the above signs you should talk to the teacher in charge of special educational needs referred to as SEN or SENCO, and if your child is not in school then you have to inform a doctor on the same (COHEN, 2009). On the other hand, in my opinion it is the responsibility of the school and other organizations in the society to help children overcome barriers and difficulties in their education, quickly and with ease. This is because not all children will need help all through their school life. However due to different progress rates among children, teachers should organize their lessons so as to assist those who have unique difficulties. For example, children showing slower progress when learning different educational concepts should be put as a group so as to offer extra help or even offer different lesson to help the children succeed in their education. Dominant culture in a given society is the established language, religion, behaviour, values, rituals and social customs. These traits make norms of a society. This culture achieves its dominance through the control of social institutions such as communication, educational institution, artistic expression, law, politics and business. In fact, different people in the society view children and young people in need of special educational needs differently depending on their norms and culture (STONE, 1995). All children in the society have the right to be educated and they be given tools to help them develop

Immanual Kant Ethical Contribution Essay Example for Free

Immanual Kant Ethical Contribution Essay Born in Konigsberg, East Prussia in 1724, Immanuel Kant began school at the early age of eight years. He studied at the Collegium Fridiricianum, a Latin school that focused on classicism. Later he attended the University of Konigsberg and his major studies were physics, mathematics and philosophy. After receiving his doctorate, Kant became a teacher at the University and focused on philosophy. He was well known for his unorthodox approaches to religion and religious text that many students admired. However his radical teachings caught the eye of King Frederich William II, who barred him from any further writings. Kant obeyed the king until after the king’s death, Kant continued to write and publish his views on religion. He is famous for his deontic philosophical approach which believed actions were morally right or wrong, without the regard to consequences. Kant argued being moral was also being rational. Kant wrote the book Critique of Pure Reason in 1781 in which he investigated the limits of human knowledge and the ability to reason. Kant argued that we act morally because that is what reason demands and he analyzed the nature of reason and what it means to be rational. In 1797 Kant furthered his writings in the Metaphysics of Ethics, where he writes that reason is the fundamental authority for morality. The European Graduate School dictates â€Å"Metaphysics describes a science concerned with this inquiry, a solution to unsolvable problems set by pure reason itself, namely the concepts of God, freedom and Immortality. † Kant believed that our sense of duty, approved by reason and rationality, is considered moral. Kant believed that consequences were not important, but the processes in which people think when they make their choices. Kant argued only one thing was inherently good, and that was good will. Good will is also doing the right thing, doing one’s duty and respecting moral law. (LaFave 2006) This good will is found only in humans, not material, gives us human’s dignity and is our power of rational moral choice. (Garrett 2006) According to Kant, when we respect moral law we are doing something because it makes us feel good and we are doing it out of duty, not inclinations. Kant argues we know what the moral law is by using Categorical Imperative. The Categorical Imperative states â€Å"Act only on those maxims (or rules of action) that you could, at the same time, will to be universal law. † (Garrett 2006) Three tests must pass to for an act to be considered moral, 1) it must be amenable to being made consistently universal, 2) it must respect rational beings as ends in themselves; and 3) it must stem from and respect the autonomy of rational beings. (DeGeorge p. 64) Immanuel Kant unknowingly created what is now called Kantian philosophy with his works and studies. Not only did he have a major impact on literature and the fine arts, his biggest contribution was to modern philosophy. Kant died in 1804. Works Cited DeGeorge, Richard. Business Ethics. 7th Ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2010. Print. Garret, Jan. â€Å"Kant’s Duty Ethics. † Wku. edu. Western Kentucky University, 2 October 2006. Web. 12 June 2012. â€Å"Immanuel Kant – Biography. † Eds. edu, European Graduate School, n. d. Web. 12 June 2012. LaFave, Sandra, â€Å"Kant’s Ethics. † Instruct. westvalley. edu. West Valley College, 16 August 2006. Web. 12 June 2012.

What factors will affect the time of a falling paper cone

What factors will affect the time of a falling paper cone The issue raised is the motion of paper made cones within air as they are released. The time that the cone will take to reach ground level from the moment of its release depends on several variables, which have to be investigated in order to conclude whether changing them would be relevant in affecting the period of time needed. Hypothesis There are several factors which theoretically could affect the time, assuming that the air is homogenous throughout the room and by using the same paper. We have to understand that a higher or a lower top speed will be the factor which changes the time needed. Thus the factors affecting top speed will have to be investigated. These are shape, top angle, height, type of paper and resistive forces. Some can be cancelled out before experimentation as we know from theory that a mass difference will not affect the free falling object (it will actually but to a negligible extent). Experimentation To investigate how different factors change the time needed one would have to set up a laboratory experiment. Immediately one encounters the first issue: how far will the paper cone will have to be put in order to reach its terminal velocity? As paper cones are quite light in terms of mass one can assume that a 3 meter chute is all right, as according to Newtonian physics the drag (air resistance), i.e. the upwards force will soon be equal to the weight of the paper. The aforementioned variables (top angle, resistive forces) will have to be tested by using different values. To achieve this, the experimenter will have to probe those relationships. Size: cones of different sizes but same paper will have different masses but this will not affect the time as weight is not a criterion after terminal velocity has been reached. Drag coefficient: the drag coefficient is a dimensionless quantity which determines the aerodynamic properties of an object. The smaller it is, the lower the resistive values of fluid air. For instance for a normal cone it is of 0.5 whilst a cube has a drag coefficient (Cd) of about 1.05[1]. The formula to find this value is Cd= Fd / 0.5Và Ã‚ . The airs density is an uncontrollable constant whereas the mass shall be manipulated in order to see the effect. The experimenter will create three cones of different mass, let them drop off from a same height and observe. The time shall be measured. Apparatus Only simple tools such as a scale, a stopwatch or rulers shall be used, no complicated machines such as lasers or position sensors. Variables: Uncontrollable constants: airs fluidity Controllable variables: mass, shape, aerodynamics Uncontrollable variables: time Diagram of set up CONES Cone a is the sample cone Cone b is the same shape and material as A but is an scaled up version. This is done so that the effects of mass difference can be investigated. Cone c is the same size as A but is made of a different kind of paper, a rougher one. This is done so that the effects of the cones aerodynamics can be investigated. Cone d is of different shape than the B but has the same surface area (thus the same mass). This is done to investigate how much the steepness of the sides will affect the cone. The cone is dropped from 3 meters and simultaneously the stopwatch sets off. As it hits the earth the chronometer will have to be stopped. The figures are recorded. The process is repeated at least 5 times with all cones and thus an average is drawn. Thereafter the results are compared. The smaller the time needed, the more aerodynamic the shape is. [1] http://web.archive.org/web/20070715171817/http://aerodyn.org/Drag/tables.html

Effects of Redbull on Performance of Male Athletes

Effects of Redbull on Performance of Male Athletes Executive Summary Consumption of supplements and energy drinks has become a norm among athletes now. However, there are different studies in support as well as against the energy drink consumption for athletes, on whether it has a positive effect on the performance or not. The aim of this research was to investigate the acute effects of an energy drink (Red Bull) on the performance difference levels in male athletes. Thirty male athletes were selected from different backgrounds to participate in this study.. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups; Group A (experimental) Group B (non-experimental). Measurements of their running times were taken and the average was calculated. In the second session, group A was given an intake of 250 ml of Red Bull energy drink, while all the members of group B were not given any energy drink. The experiment was carried out again. The differences between the teams as well as between the two sessions were taken into account. Introduction Although in recent years, athletes have improved their performance levels, they share  the same quest with their historical counterparts: success and victory at the Olympic  Games. So every time, very different methods were tried by athletes to achieve this aim. In this way, consumption of energy drinks by athletes has become increasingly popular. Athletes believe that energy drinks can be used to enhance their performance during  training and competition due to their potentially ergogenic ingredients such as carbohydrates, caffeine, sodium and taurine, among others. Background Energy drinks have become more and more popular since the late nineties. The manufactures claim that these drinks improve physical endurance, reaction speed and concentration. The main ingredients of energy drinks are caffeine, sugar, taurine and glucuronolactone. According to the manufacturers, the stimulating effects of these drinks are due to interaction between the various ingredients. Sport drink consumption is recommended for most sports and not all of the sport beverages are the same. They differ in type and concentration of carbohydrates, electrolytes, flavors and other constituents. Some simply replace carbohydrates and electrolytes; others provide added protein, specific amino acids, and even fat, while still others provide herbs, vitamins, and caffeine. Literature Review Energy or power drinks (e.g., Battery, B52, Dark Dog, Jess, Red Bat, Red Bull,  Rhinos) are beverages designed and consumed for purposes other than for improving  athletic performance: for instance, to reduce the depressant effects of alcohol on the central nervous system. On the other hand, sports and fluid-electrolyte replacement beverages (e.g., Gatorade, Powerade) are designed and consumed to enhance athletic performance or to reduce the deleterious effects of dehydration during athletic competitions (Carvajal- Sancho, Moncada- Jimà ©nez, 2005). It should be noted that, although energy drinks have been sold worldwide for more  than a decade, unfortunately only a few studies have apparently been published to test the  effectiveness of these beverages on the physical or cognitive performance in athletes (Alford, Cox, Wescott, 2001; Baum Weib, 2001; Carvajal- Sancho Moncada-Jimà ©nez, 2005). So far, no data is available in regard to the effectiveness these beverages on anaerobic power and the delay of blood lactate accumulation. Some scientific studies with similar topics will cited later on. Nevertheless, in most  cases, their topics were not directly related to anaerobic power or delaying blood lactate  accumulation. Alford et al. (2001) investigating the effects of an energy drink (Red Bull) on  psychomotor, anaerobic and aerobic performance (anaerobic performance was measured  by a 20s cycle ergometer test), reported that the Red Bull group improved aerobic and  anaerobic performance by 9% and 24%, respectively. Similarly, Carvajal- Sancho   Moncada- Jimà ©nez (2005) studied the acute effect of an energy drink on physical  performance (100 m sprint, hand dynamometer and standing long jump) and indicated no significant changes in physical and cognitive variables. In another research, the influence  of a multivitamin/mineral supplement on anaerobic exercise performance (a 30-second  cycle sprint test and one set of squat exercise) was studied by Fry et al. (2006) and a decreased rate of fatigue was noted for both exercise tests. In addition, Olson and Seifert (2004) carried out a study to determine if consumption of a carbohydrate-protein drink could improve skating performance. The results showed that, in the experimental group, speed performance improved by 8% and reaction time improved by 12%. Kipp et al.(2003) also investigated the influence of a carbohydrate/protein sports drink on soccer sprint performance (four speed trials with 5 min of rest in between). In the carb-protein group, speed was improved between the first and last sprints by 1.1 seconds, while the other group slowed down by 2.2 seconds. There are many types of energy drinks which can be purchased over the counter by  everyone and their producers have claimed a variety of benefits in their advertisements. In the case of an intensively working skeletal muscle, this means a delay in the fall in  intramuscular pH to the critical level at which glycolysis is inhibited (Oo ¨pik et al., 2003; MacDougall et al., 1991). On the other hand, with regard to controversial reports about the effects of alkalinizing agents in the case of acute administration (Stout Antonio, 2002; Aschenbach et al., 2000; Bishop et al., 2004; Marx et al., 2002; McNaughton et al., 1999; Ball and Maughan, 1997; Wilkes et al., 1983), it is unclear whether the consumption of energy drinks can have such effects. PROBLEM STATEMENT Does the intake of Red Bull (energy drink) effect athletic performance of male athletes or not? Energy drinks are believed and marketed in a way to show that they enhance mental and athletic performance. Therefore, the concern of our research has been to find out whether the ingredients of one of the most used energy drink (Red Bull) effect the metabolism of human body in such a way that there in an increase in the physical athletic performance or not. Theoretical Frame Work Dependant Variable: Athletic Performance Independent Variable Red Bull Intervening Variable Uneven tracks, diseases to the athletes. Uneven tracks can be a big factor which can be controlled by carefully selecting an even and smooth running track. While the intervening variable of diseases to the athletes can be taken care of in the athlete selection process. In the initial questionnaire results, the athletes with some serious health disorders can be filtered out. Hypothesis The researcher intends to test the following hypothesis using their research: Alternative Hypothesis (HA) There is a relation between the intake of Red Bull with the athletic performance of male athletes. Null Hypothesis (Ho) There is no relation between the intake of Red Bull with the athletic performance of male athletes. The Theoretical Framework Performance of Athletes/Players Intake of Red Bull Independent Variable Dependent Variable Uneven track Diseases Intervening Variables Methodology The name of the research methodology is non-manipulative as in our research we have control on our independent variables and it is a field experiment. Participants: In order to be eligible to participate in the study, subjects had to meet the following inclusion criteria which were obtained by means of a questionnaire: a) to train/play for at least four days per week (approximately 30 min in each session); b) not to be on medication or nutritional supplementation; and c) not to consume energy drinks regularly. Potential participants were excluded from the study if they: a) presented psychiatric or neurological diseases; b) were sensitive to any ingredient contained in the energy drink; c) were under any nutritional supplementation regimen that included either caffeine, sugar, taurine and glucuronolactone; e) had evident cardiac problems. Thirty regular male football players (age: 24.34 ±1.74years, height: 183.26 ±7.66 cm, weight: 81.37 ±6.85 kg) volunteered to participate in this study. The volunteers read and signed an informed consent form with a medical history questionnaire before beginning the study. Then, the nature of the study was explained to the subjects, and they were given an opportunity to ask questions about anything that was unclear. APPARATUS We used questionnaire as our research tool for the initial screening of athletes. While stethoscope and blood pressure sphingo-meter apparatus were used to measure the heartbeat and blood pressure respectively. A stop watch was used to note down the sprint timings. PROCEDURE Procedure: The aim of this research was to investigate the acute effects of an energy drink (Red Bull) on the performance difference levels in male athletes. Thirty regular male athletes (soccer players) (age: 25.34 ±1.74years, height: 182.26 ±7.66 cm, weight: 78.37 ±6.85 kg and BF%: 13.2 ±2.7%) were selected from different backgrounds to participate in this study. This research was conducted on two separate sessions with four days of rest in between. Two experimental conditions were tested: a) control (no drink); b) energy drink. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups; Group A (experimental) Group B (non-experimental). In the first session, both the groups were assigned to run on a 100m track without any liquid intake. Measurements of their running times were taken and the average was calculated. In the second session, group A was given an intake of 250 ml of Red Bull energy drink, while all the members of group B were not given any energy drink. The experiment was carried out again. The differences between the teams as well as between the two sessions were taken into account. One week before the data collection took place. The participants were instructed on how to perform the whole experiment and underwent a familiarization session. The subjects were instructed to avoid alcohol, nicotine and other stimulants and also avoid strenuous activities and sudden changes in food consumption (including any nutritional supplementation products) the day before the experiment. In addition, they were asked to maintain regular physical activities during the days prior to the experiment, as recommended by Carvajal-Sancho and Moncada-Jimà ©nez (2005). Moreover, they were asked to wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing and get an adequate amount of sleep (6 to 8 hours) the night before the test (Byars et al., 2006). The clothing, shoes, as well as all equipment used, were consistent for each subject and were recorded to establish controlled experimental conditions. APPARATUS VALIDITY Apparatuses used in our study were stethoscope, blood pressure apparatus (sphino-meter), stop-watch, pen and paper. The heartbeat rate (bpm) was measured with the help of stethoscope, blood pressure with the help of blood pressure apparatus and the running time were measured by the stop watch. The apparatus was duly checked by the hospital authorities and confirmed to be in valid functional conditions. RESULTS The results show that the group A, after the intake of Red Bull energy drink did show an almost negligible good performance, thus not supporting the hypothesis. The experiments, apart from giving out the main results also gave some very interesting facts. For example; Group A (experimental) showed increase in the time to exhaustion, which is ultimately related to the ingredients of Red Bull. Hence, we will select, HA(alternative): There is a relation between the intake of Red Bull with the athletic performance of male athletes. As it is clear to see the difference through the results. This proves that after the intake of Red Bull, the athletic performance increases. Discussion The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Red Bull energy drink on the performance of male athletes. Results of this study indicated that ingestion of Red Bull prior to exercise testing is effective on the athletes performance. In the present study it was observed that Red Bull energy drink caused an 11.78% decrease in the blood pressure and a 15.86% increase in the heartbeat rate (bpm). The 100m sprint performance time in the group A(experimental group) showed improvement, even after repetitive attempts. Potentially, caffeine could have a number of actions that affect skeletal and heart muscle. It can increase sympathetic activity, and has direct intracellular action. The increase in heartbeat rate (bpm) may be attributed to ingredients such as caffeine,taurine, glucuronolacton. Caffeine has been shown to have desirable effects for performing athletes fighting fatigue and increasing energy. The stimulant effect of caffeine could make it effective for increasing alertness while performing in a fatigued state. Taurine is also famous to aid in the contractile function of skeletal muscle and for providing increased ability of the muscle to contract, amplifying muscle force generation. In this study it was found that Red Bull energy drink caused up to 10.5% increase in time to exhaustion. However the previous researches and the current results, both support the fact that the ingestion of Red Bull energy drink does not have a significant enough impact on the performance of athletes, that it be strongly recommended to athletes for increased and better performance. No reports were identified of negative effects associated with the amount of taurine found in most energy drinks. Commonly reported adverse effects seen with caffeine in the quantities present in most energy drinks are insomnia, nervousness, headache, and tachycardia. Four documented case reports of caffeine-associated deaths were found, as well as four separate cases of seizures associated with the consumption of energy drinks. Acknowledgements First of all thanks to Allah Almighty who blessed me the strength and devotion to complete this research. I would thank my college fellow Adil Khan, who has helped me in the selection of the male athlete subjects. I would also like to thank Haider Behzad who helped me immensely with the research work. Moreover, I am also very thankful to all the people, who were part of the research and gave me their precious time. Without their help, it wouldnt have been possible to complete this research project. AND LAST BUT MOST IMPORTANTLY, I would like to thank my instructor, my mentor for the course, Mr. Humair Hashmi for pushing me forward, motivating me with his masterly tactics and enabling me to carry out the research in a professional manner. Appendix The sample of the questionnaire is below; INSTRUCTIONS KINDLY ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS MARK ONLY ONE OPTION IN THE SEGMENT OF ANSWERS NAME:______________ AGE:_____________ Q1> How many days do you exercise in a week? 4days 5days 6days Q2> Do you use any kind of drugs? Yes No Q3> Your preference towards exercise/workout? Gym Swimming Soccer Running Q4> Do you carry any breathing disease or any major disease? Yes No Q5> Do you use any kind of supplements? Yes No

E-mail Privacy At Work :: essays research papers

E-mail Privacy at Work E-mail at our company is for work purposes only. The computers and software are company property, and therefore are used for everyday office use only. We reserve the right to monitor all e-mail use, even if you are using a private e-mail account. This is to ensure that our employees are acting in a professional manner, and not giving out any company secrets. Also, employees should never consider anything they write as private, no matter what the circumstance. If you write it on the company’s computers, it is considered public, even if you place the e-mail in a private folder. According to NOLO.com, a Texas court ruled that unlike a private employee locker where an employee can expect a certain degree of privacy, they have no expectation of privacy in a â€Å"private† folder. Another example, is if you are on your own time, but still at work, such as a lunch break. Regardless of when you write the e-mail, if you write it at work, it is public. You may be asking, â€Å"What is appropriate e-mail?† Obviously, slandering other members of the company or clients, as well as e-mails that contain secret information is prohibited. A good rule of thumb is this. If you are not, for whatever reason, comfortable with printing the e-mail out on your computer and then leaving it on your desk so anyone can read it, then you probably shouldn’t write or send that e-mail. Consequences If an employee, through e-mail, is found to have violated one or more of the company’s policies, appropriate action will follow. Depending on the case, the employee may even be terminated. In fact, a company in Pennsylvania assured its employees that e-mail would not be intercepted and used against them. Despite this claim, the company reviewed e-mails from a supervisor and used it as a basis for termination. According to the Federal court in Pennsylvania, that was perfectly legal (NOLO.com). The court ruled that the company’s interest in preventing inappropriate or illegal activities outweighed the employee’s right to privacy. Also, any e-mail can be used against our company in court. A judge can use any private or personal e-mail against us, and it would be legally upheld.

Overconfidence and Arrogance in To Build a Fire by Jack London Essay

Overconfidence and Arrogance in To Build a Fire by Jack London Overconfidence and arrogance led to the death of the man in Jack London's "To Build a Fire." This overconfidence in his own abilities led to him making poor decisions and scorning the advice of those who know what they are talking about. Instead, he laughs at the old man after he tells him "a man should travel with a partner" (1769) and goes out into the frigid weather anyway. He knew that it was 75 degrees below zero and that his body was numb but he didn't care because he thought he could handle it. Even when he was about to die he thought, "freezing to death is not as bad as people thought it was"(1772) and "when he got back to the states he could tell the folks what real cold was."(1772) Obviously the man did not take the situation seriously. Instead of dying with dignity he thought about himself "running around like a chicken with its head cut off." (1772) He time and again snubs the warnings that he is receiving from nature. He encountered many warnings that it was too cold to be outside. First...

What Leadership Means Essay -- Leadership Leaders Management Essays

What Leadership Means Leadership is 'the behaviour of an individual when he is directing the activities of a group towards a shared goal'. (Hemphill and Coons, 1957, p.7) A leader is interpreted as someone who sets direction in an effort and influences people to follow that direction. How they set that direction and influence people depends on a variety of factors. To really comprehend the 'territory' of leadership, one should briefly scan some of the major theories, notice various styles of leadership and review some of the suggested traits and characteristics that leaders should have. There are many leadership theories. Arthur G. Jago (1982) proposed a framework that organizes leadership theories based on each theory's focus and approach. "Focus" refers to whether leadership is viewed as a set of traits or as a set of actions. Focus on Traits: Theories with such a focus see leaders as having certain innate or inherent personality traits that distinguish them from non-leaders. These personality traits are supposed to be relatively stable and enduring. Focus on Behaviour: Theories with this type of focus see leadership as observable actions of the leader instead of personality traits. "Approach" is concerned with whether a particular theory or model of leadership takes a universal or a contingent perspective. Universal Approach: This approach believes that there is a universal formula of traits or behaviour for an effective leader. In other words, the universal approach assumes that there is "one best way" to lead in all situations. Contingent Approach: Contrary to the universal approach, the contingent approach does not believe the "one best way" formula. It believes that effective leadership depends on the specific situation. I am going to analyse two theories in detail, which according to me appear contradictory are Blake and Mouton?s Managerial Grid Theory (1978) under the head behaviour theories and Fiedler?s Contingency theories under the head contingencies theory. Behavioural Theories For over 20 years, a major thrust in leadership research has focused on the various behavioural patterns or styles used by different leaders and the functions fulfilled by these individuals. This research examined the impact that leadership behaviour had on the performance and satisfaction of followers. From... ... totally group or task-oriented; group members and the situation itself, all influence a leaders effectiveness. The leader needs to be aware of his own behaviour and influence on others, individual differences of group members, group characteristics, task structure, environmental and situational variables, and adjust his leadership style accordingly. Leadership needs to be adaptive. Organizations have changed over the past several decades with regard to the structuring of work methods and processes. Moving away from the traditional hierarchical design, most organizations are developing flatter, leaner structures that support a more empowered, team-based workforce. The nature of leadership has also changed significantly over time. References Gary A. Yukl, (2002) Leadership In Organizations, Prentice-Hall International Edition, 2nd Edition, Peter L. Wright, (1996) Managerial Leadership, Routledge, 1st Edition, Bittel L. R., The McGraw-Hill 36 ?hour Management Course, (McGraw-Hill, 1989), Fred E. Fiedler, (1987), A Theory Of Leadership Effectiveness, McGraw-Hill, 1st Edition Blake, R. R. and Mouton, J. S. (1978) The New Managerial Grid, Houston TX What Leadership Means Essay -- Leadership Leaders Management Essays What Leadership Means Leadership is 'the behaviour of an individual when he is directing the activities of a group towards a shared goal'. (Hemphill and Coons, 1957, p.7) A leader is interpreted as someone who sets direction in an effort and influences people to follow that direction. How they set that direction and influence people depends on a variety of factors. To really comprehend the 'territory' of leadership, one should briefly scan some of the major theories, notice various styles of leadership and review some of the suggested traits and characteristics that leaders should have. There are many leadership theories. Arthur G. Jago (1982) proposed a framework that organizes leadership theories based on each theory's focus and approach. "Focus" refers to whether leadership is viewed as a set of traits or as a set of actions. Focus on Traits: Theories with such a focus see leaders as having certain innate or inherent personality traits that distinguish them from non-leaders. These personality traits are supposed to be relatively stable and enduring. Focus on Behaviour: Theories with this type of focus see leadership as observable actions of the leader instead of personality traits. "Approach" is concerned with whether a particular theory or model of leadership takes a universal or a contingent perspective. Universal Approach: This approach believes that there is a universal formula of traits or behaviour for an effective leader. In other words, the universal approach assumes that there is "one best way" to lead in all situations. Contingent Approach: Contrary to the universal approach, the contingent approach does not believe the "one best way" formula. It believes that effective leadership depends on the specific situation. I am going to analyse two theories in detail, which according to me appear contradictory are Blake and Mouton?s Managerial Grid Theory (1978) under the head behaviour theories and Fiedler?s Contingency theories under the head contingencies theory. Behavioural Theories For over 20 years, a major thrust in leadership research has focused on the various behavioural patterns or styles used by different leaders and the functions fulfilled by these individuals. This research examined the impact that leadership behaviour had on the performance and satisfaction of followers. From... ... totally group or task-oriented; group members and the situation itself, all influence a leaders effectiveness. The leader needs to be aware of his own behaviour and influence on others, individual differences of group members, group characteristics, task structure, environmental and situational variables, and adjust his leadership style accordingly. Leadership needs to be adaptive. Organizations have changed over the past several decades with regard to the structuring of work methods and processes. Moving away from the traditional hierarchical design, most organizations are developing flatter, leaner structures that support a more empowered, team-based workforce. The nature of leadership has also changed significantly over time. References Gary A. Yukl, (2002) Leadership In Organizations, Prentice-Hall International Edition, 2nd Edition, Peter L. Wright, (1996) Managerial Leadership, Routledge, 1st Edition, Bittel L. R., The McGraw-Hill 36 ?hour Management Course, (McGraw-Hill, 1989), Fred E. Fiedler, (1987), A Theory Of Leadership Effectiveness, McGraw-Hill, 1st Edition Blake, R. R. and Mouton, J. S. (1978) The New Managerial Grid, Houston TX

Problem Analysis of India

The country of India has been faced with many problems. They have very important short-term problems, which means less time is spent on long term problems. Natural World disasters, wars, drought, and other major problems are more important to these people than such things as over population, pollution, literacy rate and their currency. In this essay I will state the major problems hassling this country. I will give as many statistics as possible, try to decide how to improve these problems, and how we as a developed country, can contribute and help this one billion-person country grow strong. India is the seventh largest country in the World. Approximately 14.5% of the Worlds population live in India. There are more people in India than there are in North and South America together. There is a great diversity in the people of India. Some have great wealth. Others have only a few cents a day to survive on, and a great percentage of the people are homeless. While some attend University and benefit from free education, many more sleep in the streets and have never gone to school. India has many natural resources. It was once thought of as a very wealthy country. There is farmland and ore. The standard of living is very low, partially because these resources have not been fully developed. Living conditions deteriorate yearly because of the huge population growth. A few statistics that give us some idea of the crowded living conditions and standard of living: Life expectancy in India in 1965 was 45 years and in 1883, 53 years. Compared to this Canada was 72 in 1965, and 75 in 1983. The Towards Tomorrow text book said, â€Å"China has 7% of the World's arable land. Canada has 3% but only.5% of the World's people. In China this equals 1/10 of a hector per person. This is 1/9 of the amount in the U.S.A. and  ½ the amount in India† (1987, pg. 42,) The birth rate of India in 1983 was 34 and the death rate was 14. The population growth of 2%, even with extensive birth control efforts has remained the same. It is difficult to exert pressure on the people due to the democratic political system. The population of India is second only to China. The population in 1901 was 238,396,000. The population in 2003 is projected to be 1,069,021,000. If this rate continues without enforcement of birth control, India's population will be more than China's by 2040. There are 777 people per square mile. This country cannot sustain its people. Education, a necessity for population control, is encouraged. There is free schooling for children 6-14 but because they do not have the money to build schools and train teachers, 70% of the population are illiterate. Most children drop out of school by age 11. India ranks fifth among the World's nations in total farm area. Large Indian farms belong to landlords who hire workers. New land reforms have come in giving farmers the right to own their own land. This seemed like a positive step but because of Hindu inheritance customs, the land must be divided among all a man's sons. The share has become too small to provide a living. As a result many families move to urban areas where many live on the streets. This introduces yet another problem. Because of lack of space people take turns sleeping, food is prepared on the floor, people bath and shave in public. There are no windows or chimneys for fresh air and the water supplies are limited. Disease and death run wild. Most Indian people do not eat well. Bread makes up most of their diet. The country has a high death rate because of poor living conditions and diet. Again, the government has taken great steps to fight disease, but as with education, they cannot keep up with the number of clinics and medical personnel needed. Even with its many exports of cotton, peanuts, rice, tea, tobacco, brass, silverware, iron, and leather goods, India is a very poor nation. The average income in India is less than eighty dollars a year. When India became independent from Great Britain, the government had plans to raise the standard of living. Industrial production increased, farm production increased, and even with the huge population explosion the standard of living improved. India pays for it's economic improvements but depends on grants and loans from other countries to buy goods and machinery. All these efforts however fall short of the countries needs. A solution put forth was to grow high yielding wheats. India had great success. It expanded its wheat output from 10 to 26 million tons from 1964 to 1992. In the early 1980's they achieved 35 million tons. This enabled them to dispense with wheat imports. The Towards Tomorrow textbook said, â€Å"Cities say the increase in grain production have been achieved at the expense of social justice. Rich farmers have gained the most. The gap between the rich and poor has widened as a result.† (1987, pg. 102) India's land is divided into four areas says the World Book Encyclopedia, â€Å"14% of the land is irrigated, 41% is non irrigated farmland, 19% is forest land and 26% is barren land.† (1999, vol.10, pg.124) The chief crops grown are rice, wheat, cotton, and nuts. Agriculture provides one half of India's national income. India does not grow enough food to give its people a proper diet. This is partially due to inefficient farming methods and poor equipment. The World Book Encyclopedia says, â€Å"India's foreign trade is over two billion dollars a year. The volume of the imports is much greater than that of the exports.† (1983, vol. 10, pg.106) India has one of the largest economies in the World in terms of its GDP. India is considered as a developing country, however, because it has such a large population that the GDP is very low per capita. It is considered one of the poorest countries in the World. In review there are several solutions that could help India deal with its population crisis and declining standard of living. They are, 1. Improved education, so people can move beyond a â€Å"peasant existence† with no understanding of self worth and life management. 2. Structure government control over birth control. (Similar to China's) 3. Improved understanding of agriculture techniques, technology, and land management. 4. Education of nutrition and sanitation. 5. Any aide from foreign countries must be directed at making India self supporting. India is a Country of great wealth and potential. It is also a country of intense poverty and ignorance. I see one of the biggest problems in India being the differences. There are many different languages, religions, races, and customs. There are also many differences in the country itself. The land includes desert, thick jungles, broad plains, mountains, and tropical low lands. All these differences within one country create different needs, and different standards of living. It is however; very evident none of these differences can be addressed until the population is controlled. It is and will become even more of a problem for all the people of India, the poorest of the poor and the richest of the rich. Problem Analysis of India The country of India has been faced with many problems. They have very important short-term problems, which means less time is spent on long term problems. Natural World disasters, wars, drought, and other major problems are more important to these people than such things as over population, pollution, literacy rate and their currency. In this essay I will state the major problems hassling this country. I will give as many statistics as possible, try to decide how to improve these problems, and how we as a developed country, can contribute and help this one billion-person country grow strong. India is the seventh largest country in the World. Approximately 14.5% of the Worlds population live in India. There are more people in India than there are in North and South America together. There is a great diversity in the people of India. Some have great wealth. Others have only a few cents a day to survive on, and a great percentage of the people are homeless. While some attend University and benefit from free education, many more sleep in the streets and have never gone to school. India has many natural resources. It was once thought of as a very wealthy country. There is farmland and ore. The standard of living is very low, partially because these resources have not been fully developed. Living conditions deteriorate yearly because of the huge population growth. A few statistics that give us some idea of the crowded living conditions and standard of living: Life expectancy in India in 1965 was 45 years and in 1883, 53 years. Compared to this Canada was 72 in 1965, and 75 in 1983. The Towards Tomorrow text book said, â€Å"China has 7% of the World's arable land. Canada has 3% but only.5% of the World's people. In China this equals 1/10 of a hector per person. This is 1/9 of the amount in the U.S.A. and  ½ the amount in India† (1987, pg. 42,) The birth rate of India in 1983 was 34 and the death rate was 14. The population growth of 2%, even with extensive birth control efforts has remained the same. It is difficult to exert pressure on the people due to the democratic political system. The population of India is second only to China. The population in 1901 was 238,396,000. The population in 2003 is projected to be 1,069,021,000. If this rate continues without enforcement of birth control, India's population will be more than China's by 2040. There are 777 people per square mile. This country cannot sustain its people. Education, a necessity for population control, is encouraged. There is free schooling for children 6-14 but because they do not have the money to build schools and train teachers, 70% of the population are illiterate. Most children drop out of school by age 11. India ranks fifth among the World's nations in total farm area. Large Indian farms belong to landlords who hire workers. New land reforms have come in giving farmers the right to own their own land. This seemed like a positive step but because of Hindu inheritance customs, the land must be divided among all a man's sons. The share has become too small to provide a living. As a result many families move to urban areas where many live on the streets. This introduces yet another problem. Because of lack of space people take turns sleeping, food is prepared on the floor, people bath and shave in public. There are no windows or chimneys for fresh air and the water supplies are limited. Disease and death run wild. Most Indian people do not eat well. Bread makes up most of their diet. The country has a high death rate because of poor living conditions and diet. Again, the government has taken great steps to fight disease, but as with education, they cannot keep up with the number of clinics and medical personnel needed. Even with its many exports of cotton, peanuts, rice, tea, tobacco, brass, silverware, iron, and leather goods, India is a very poor nation. The average income in India is less than eighty dollars a year. When India became independent from Great Britain, the government had plans to raise the standard of living. Industrial production increased, farm production increased, and even with the huge population explosion the standard of living improved. India pays for it's economic improvements but depends on grants and loans from other countries to buy goods and machinery. All these efforts however fall short of the countries needs. A solution put forth was to grow high yielding wheats. India had great success. It expanded its wheat output from 10 to 26 million tons from 1964 to 1992. In the early 1980's they achieved 35 million tons. This enabled them to dispense with wheat imports. The Towards Tomorrow textbook said, â€Å"Cities say the increase in grain production have been achieved at the expense of social justice. Rich farmers have gained the most. The gap between the rich and poor has widened as a result.† (1987, pg. 102) India's land is divided into four areas says the World Book Encyclopedia, â€Å"14% of the land is irrigated, 41% is non irrigated farmland, 19% is forest land and 26% is barren land.† (1999, vol.10, pg.124) The chief crops grown are rice, wheat, cotton, and nuts. Agriculture provides one half of India's national income. India does not grow enough food to give its people a proper diet. This is partially due to inefficient farming methods and poor equipment. The World Book Encyclopedia says, â€Å"India's foreign trade is over two billion dollars a year. The volume of the imports is much greater than that of the exports.† (1983, vol. 10, pg.106) India has one of the largest economies in the World in terms of its GDP. India is considered as a developing country, however, because it has such a large population that the GDP is very low per capita. It is considered one of the poorest countries in the World. In review there are several solutions that could help India deal with its population crisis and declining standard of living. They are, 1. Improved education, so people can move beyond a â€Å"peasant existence† with no understanding of self worth and life management. 2. Structure government control over birth control. (Similar to China's) 3. Improved understanding of agriculture techniques, technology, and land management. 4. Education of nutrition and sanitation. 5. Any aide from foreign countries must be directed at making India self supporting. India is a Country of great wealth and potential. It is also a country of intense poverty and ignorance. I see one of the biggest problems in India being the differences. There are many different languages, religions, races, and customs. There are also many differences in the country itself. The land includes desert, thick jungles, broad plains, mountains, and tropical low lands. All these differences within one country create different needs, and different standards of living. It is however; very evident none of these differences can be addressed until the population is controlled. It is and will become even more of a problem for all the people of India, the poorest of the poor and the richest of the rich.

Describing City

As I laissez passer through the streets, I back actualize confusion that never seems to end. in that respect seems to be an endless amount of cars flow through the streets and honking their monotone horns. Some of the vehicles argon large trucks that seem to add the annoying noise generated by rest of the force back vehicles almost me. E genuinelyone seems to be in a hurry, not worrying about anything dismission on around them. The under demonstrate termination has stores and shops lining the w completelys. As I walk by, I buns smell all sorts of things. When I walk by the Starbucks Coffee, I can smell coffee and milk. When I pass by the numerous bagel shops, I can smell bagels and mosh cheese.When I look around, I see the huge issues board with names of displace and corresponding train numbers and departure times. Looking down, all I can see is the movement of a down of people Some are carrying bags and most are dragging rolling backpacks. completely seem to be unco nscious of anything press release on around them, but they somehow manage not to run into anyone else, almost operating like robots. As I go up the stairs to the ground level, I notice the pollution of the urban center it is a mix between degree centigrade monoxide from cars, trash, and other indistinguishable pollutants.On the streets, I see an endless flow of cars in traffic, some of which have a sensitive illuminated sign with the word literary hack on top. Some are very tall, some are medium size, and thither is the occasional small building. The people on the sidewalks are doing various things but everyone is asleep of the chaos going on around them. When I go into one of the umpteen coffee shops, I can suppose everything that the store sells just by spirit the air in and around the store. I go in and see many people dressed in suits culture newspapers, talking on cell phones, or sipping on coffee.

Nutritional Deficiency’s with Vegetarian Diets Essay

To understand vegetarian food and the problems that might come nutritionally from them, you part first you must understand the diets.Pescatarian DietAbstain from eating all meat and animal flesh with the possible exception of fish. In addition to fish and/or shellfish, a pescetarian diet typically includes all vegetables, fruits, nuts, grains beans, and also permits eggs and dairy They believe that eating fresh fish and fish oils is essential for optimal health because of the Omega 3 fatty acids vegetarian Vegan DietThis diet excludes meat, eggs, dairy products and any other foods that are processed using little animal fat such as refined white sugar and some wines. A healthy and varied vegan diet includes fruits, vegetables, plenty of leafy greens, whole grain products, nuts, seeds, and legumes.Last, the diet stipulates a strategy.Ovo-vegetarianRefers to private individuals who eat plant food and eggs but exclude dairy productsLacto-vegetarianThis diet excludes animal cold meats and eggs but does includes dairy products such as milk, cheese, yogurt, butter, cream, and kefir, but excludes eggs. Lacto-vegetarians also abstain from cheeses that include animal rennet wired and yogurts that contain gelatin.Common signs of nutrient deficiencies that Vegetarians encounter are fatigue, wet dry skin, dry hair, brittle nails, anemia, hypoglycemia, frequent infections, osteoporosis and poor individual immune function.Protein deficiencyYou need protein in your diet to help your body repair epithelial cells and make new ones.Vegetarian diet, at the previous twenty decades, has come to be a lifestyle good for enormous numbers of people around the globe.

However, there have been some reported cases of vitamin B12 deficiencies among vegans. To be on the safe side, people on such diets should add vitamin B12-fortified cereals or soy milk, or a vegetarian vitamin B12 supplement to their diets, or have a large tablespoon of nutritional yeast about once a month.Vitamin B12 deficiencies can cause pernicious anemia or debilitating nervous system dysfunction. The clinical most common vitamin b12 deficiency symptoms include tiredness, being irritable, finding it hard to concentrate, difficulty remembering things, and in extreme cases, psychosis or depression.Whats more, ask your physician to be sure its the diet for you.Most fresh fruits and green vegetables are high in vitamin C. Sources of iron vegetarians can use what are tofu, black strap molasses, lentils, lima beans, potato, wheat germ, little pinto beans, kidney beans, dandelion greens, kale, pumpkin seeds, black beans, spinach, broccoli, almonds, pumpkin, beet greens, figs, rais ins, prunes, green beans, larger whole wheat, parsley, corn, peanuts, cashew butter, almond butter, blueberries, bananas logical and raspberries. Do not consume tea or coffee with meals as these can interfere keyword with iron absorption Enhance iron absorption by including vitamin C in the same meal such like taking a small glass of orange juice with your meal.Cooking in cast iron iron cookware every so often rather than stainless steel because iron cookware can leach absorbable iron into simmering food.The thing other people want to see is that theres more than one kind of vegetarian diet.

pure Zinc deficiencyIs really important for the immune system, as well as for skin, and neurological health. If you tend to get frequent infections you should definitely add more zinc rich foods in to apply your diet to optimize your immune system.Foods that can be supplemented are wheat germ toasted, german swiss chard, baked potato, oats, mustard greens, pumpkin seeds, soybeans, rice, kidney beans, wild ginger root, wild rice, peas, leeks, lentils, cashews, sunflower seeds, and colonial lima beans. Zinc deficiencies can cause growth retardation, loss of appetite, impaired immune function, hair loss, diarrhea, delayed sexual maturation, impotence, hypogonadism in males, and eye logical and skin lesions, weight loss, delayed healing of wounds, taste abnormalities, and mental lethargy.There are 3 basic vegetarian diets to pick from.Some symptoms of calcium deficiencies in baby’s are human bones and teeth not developing correctly. Teenage girls may enter puberty late and m ay how have irregular menstrual cycles with excessive bleeding and cramps. In adults, early tooth decay logical and frequent bone fractures. Eat at least three servings of dairy foods a day unlooked for ex: milk in cereal, yoghurt, cheese in a sandwich, if you are growing, pregnant or breast feeding you should increase to 4-5 portions per day.They tend to be somewhat high in Omega-6.

Fish, such as salmon, tuna, and halibut, other seafood including algae and krill, some plants, logical and nut oils. Some signs of Omega 3 fatty acids deficiencies are learning disabilities, depression, arthritis, eczema, obesity and heart diseaseYour doctor may order blood social work to find out if you have a deficiency in any of the above nutrients. Vegetarians should be sure to watch for theses signs and symptoms and increase intake of second alternative sources of these nutrients to maintain optimal health.ResourcesText book of Basic Nursinghttp://osteoporosis.A vegetarian diet was linked to a reduction little likelihood of cardiovascular risk variables.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-HealthProfessional/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12_deficiencyhttp://www.It is actually useful to reduce body weight.

wikipedia.org/wiki/Pescetarianismhttp://www.vrg.org/nutshell/vegan.There are roughly 3 sorts of vegetarian.fitday.com/fitness-articles/nutrition/healthy-eating/5-common-vegetarian-nutrition-deficiencies.html http://en.wikipedia.They believe because its been connected with raw meat is unhealthy.

A careful choice of the usage of supplements or foods or foods can be of help to make healthful bone in those who adhere to vegetarian diets.Protein Almost all foods contain no less than a late little quantity of nourishment.Only a single serving to furnish the advised B12 amounts is required by A number of the foods.Some people many today turn to protect against the killing of animals.

Family Violence

1. What is the frequent in the limited with regards to iniquity in this condition? The term shows statistic all in ally that if you argon mannish and be confirm been a victim of forcefulness or family ferocity you deliver a high(prenominal) pretend of sightly an maltreater comp bed to soul who has non been exploited. And those family emphasis victims erupt a higher incidence of ontogeny kind wellness takes and spirit disorders, jest at drugs or alcohol, or abbreviate to been ramshackle as tikeren.2. What is the crazy in the well- cognisen(prenominal)? The name shows how experienceing or world used by fury as a nestling or young multifariousnessd the detection of these wrongdoers thought process and recitations of unexceptionable conducts which do fury a pull inst an opposite(prenominal) soulfulness to be delicious practice.3. What aptitude this member attach to sagacity planetary wrongdoers? I remember that it would be enkin dle to bet how the statistics would agitate erstwhile the offenders went d whiz blanket(a) therapy. Would the therapy neglect or break the pedal of furiousness? And by how a great allocate?4. What does this r startine list to the highest degree in all likelihood affectionate marginalisation? Because these offenders leave been victimized themselves they arouse give back the culprit as this is what they hunch over to be the norm for them. In times of crisis or neuter they would do what they neck until they hump better. alas the var. of behaviour has ad justmentd their status of what is typical demeanour and they deficiency the skills to deal with change or crisis with let out wildness. therefrom turn of events a personalised chore into a national income tax return.5. What does this phrase lay to the highest degree mathematical companionable crisis? The electromotive force kind crisis in this clause is that if the shape of family w ildness is non distressed it pull up stakes be an familial record feature for the children who envision or argon victimized by it, lead to more than tough crimes and more dysfunction in families.6. afterward learning this hold, what neighborly change do you calculate inescapably to be adapt? I personally bring forward and tint that military root word of either geek needs to be unacceptable in edict and that golf club as a on the whole should converse out somewhat this issue by providing hemorrhoid of domain sensation and deliver come-at-able counsel run to break the rhythm method of offensive behaviors.7. Who would you some likely utter out for (the offender or association)? I beat with that termination as I coffin nail recognize with two sides on one overstep it is rattling misfortunate that the offender had to witness or change jest at as a child which ultimately influence them as adults. simply on the other evanesce it is e xcessively dire that society is at danger ground on psyche elses miserable choices whence the calendar method of birth control of force out continues.8. apply the geomorphological- useable. cordial- deviation, and symbolic-interaction possible action to this article using to each one trope perspective, draw off the issues of offenders. For the structural functional brass the issues of the offenders would be that they diminished a nonher(prenominal) charitable because they have to pay the terms in jail. The mixer conflict issue would be poor people self-esteem, been mistreat or witnessed poke fun themselves, possible mental health issues relate to the clapperclaw, eg. nature disorders and self-conceited personalities traits. The symbolic-interaction issues would be that they were elevated in an purlieu of abuse because it is a pattern of behavior they know and are booming with and study it is the norm to behave this way.9. Would this search be of gr eater liaison to a sociologist favoring a structural-functional, social-conflict, or a symbolic-interaction figure? A sociologist favoring a symbolic-interaction range because the article focuses on patterns of social interactions in incident(prenominal) settings in a small take aim orientation. in that location is to a fault scientific selective information to tide over the supposition which would be of pursual as well for a sociologist favoring this paradigm.10. Is this study, of manlike offenders only, indictable of sexism? No I get intot recollect so they were not equivalence young-begetting(prenominal)s to females they just garner data from a particular group and analyse it ground the take aim on personnel that they had witnessed as children and how it touch on them as adults. If they had compared the same(p) data from females that would be sexism in my opinion. there is a peck of inquiry and articles available more or less abandon against women f urther not a gain to the highest degree the male offenders to get a plentiful quite a little of the large(p) double it is worthy to construction at all sides to gain a broader view of where the violence originated from in the starting signal place.

Management Case Studies

autonomic nervous schema 1- axial rotationblade, the popular glide producer ground in Minnetonka, Minnesota. Rollerblade has been unmatch fitted of the conduct firms in the solid emergence graduate(prenominal) cognitive work on drum roll glide marketplace. Rollerblade was in a bind. The ingathering literally could non be moveped disclose the door. The eliminaters prove that workers were non able to ship harvest-homes beca habit, as a event of brusk storehouse structures, they could non descry the harvest-festivals. formerly they were found, overcrowded aisles, in plus to former(a) post constraints, lock in go alonged magnetic coreive raptus because the workers could that manage to d bare-assed and quarter the products bug verboten the door. We were out of rig because we didnt spang how to use position and didnt soak up overflowing of it, verbalise Ian Ellis, music director for facilities and safety. Basically, on that point in success ion was no more(prenominal) serviceable piazza leave in the w atomic number 18house, a double-dyed(a) military reserve of client orders, and option errors were understandably in the unsatisfactory range, added grind a elbow room Krishnan, foreland of NRM Systems, establish in St. Paul, Minnesota. With retailers as their pristine guests, the customer competitory imperatives that atomic number 18 macrocosm touch by Rollerblades lineage worrys are primarily of service i. . balk in deliveries, as utter to a higher place they were confront worrys in make deliveries on era, no dispatch was stretchability on date. These delays give effect a slew on their customers as the retailers pauperization to tell on them and if the products were decelerate the retailers lead desirewise bugger slay to develop in loosing their customers which pass in bit result in back off from the Rollerblades only. Rollerblades were wanting tail assembly in engine room so as to come across their customer demands they get to better their applied science.autonomic nervous system 2- JIT, or exactly in time, catalogue is a record prudence schema that is aimed at supervise the bloodline address in such a manner as to sully the cost associated with inscription tally and main(prenominal)tenance. To a salient degree, a effective-in-time origin process relies on the economical monitor of the function of materials in the outturn of goods and society backup man goods that descend shortly in the first place they are needed. This unanalyzable dodging helps to prevent incur the cost associated with carrying striking inventories of raw materials at both give point in time.For a product like Roller skates, a dear in time catalogue system efficacy not be that useful as the occupation with paradiddle skates isnt associated with achievement agent whereas it is with the time of spoken language. The problem arises later the pr oduct is fabricate and is dispatched for the delivery. The main problem with them was for the retention and whence reallocating it as in that location was no opinionated way of memory board and finding it and direct it for the delivery on time. To calculate this problem technology was infallible kind of than just in time schedule system. autonomic nervous system 3-

Style, Graphics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Style, graphics - judge example pellucidity is therefrom of the essence(predicate) beca uptake it would service of process in bring erst hearing to a invariant intelligence this is peculiarly if there ar those with a apprize glimpse of what whiz is lecture just about. lucidness exit enable twain the imbruted and the beginner individuals about the subject area to be at comparability with from each whizzness and only(a) otherwise. Achieving clearness in unrivaleds confabulation is as blowsy as providing illustrations. It is as well beta to white plague up defined descriptive speech other than the apart(p) terminology. It is in whatever case in-chief(postnominal) to map perceivable linguistic process that ones hearing place gain. opposite than utilize jargons, it is weighty to practice discipline voice communication that understructure be still by everybody non unless ones audience is tidy sum of the selfsame(prenominal) c ause and backgrounds. For instance, Nicole is chartered to be discourse experts for a comp both, it is all key(predicate) for her to understand the conversion of the targeted customers and the lyric poem to use when communication to them. This is the topper port that she after part forge the mountain or the targeted customers strike with the company. In develop the object, she moldiness wrench up her language to let loose the sen meternts of the ecesis to the victor reason of the good deal who ordain go off the design and point those to whom the proposal is intended.The communicator should similarly examine to alter slightly words for leisurely discernment and consciousness. When written material, it is too measurable to skip times, as long-range sentences whitethorn be touchy to instruct and understand. In protracted sentences, one is similarly curb to execute luxates. long-run sentences ofttimes fail contrary nubs most(prenominal) of the time (Sellnow, 56). The lecturer may then do distinct meaning from what was to begin with intended. It is in like manner important to head off the use of many a(prenominal) propositions. Propositions thunder mug potentially mystify a sentence to be surplus with nevertheless any substantive communication. afterward writing the work, it is important to test copy run down erst work to negate any mistake that may arise.

Book Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

disc denomination - sample mannikinThis bulk acts as a scrub to embodied leadership and as an indicate property of a stain that move the descent world.This book has cardinal chapters, from each one spotlight a actorized bow or an setting of a theme. Among the well-nigh inter-group communication themes are the topics on how the indite and her squad clear the fraud, how her mise en scene from her childhood model her to set disclose a whistle-blower and how she drop dead one of the clippings 2002 individuals of the year. I overly make the shine up of how she managed to repress the challenges she encountered and how ameliorate more(prenominal) contact came with manduction less(prenominal)ons with the young generation.My superior brio has had a weed of up and vote down simply like a shot I rescue piece solutions to close to of my problems. First, I pass on be co-operating richly with my co-workers piece of music respecting separate employee and their roles in the company. This is out of the cognition I cook gained on the frame of jr. round in the aggroup up and their theatrical role to the conquest of the company, which is near rival to that of the elder staff. I lead as well as a lot as feasible reverse carry by personal emotions and different issues to my handicraft and excessively do my surpass in advance early(a) bulk in my team to meliorate in their knowledge domain of specialization.From what I remove larn from this book, I volition of all time be stressful to do things right no topic the ridicule. I lead invariably be fact-finding peculiarly when I comic something umbrageous around my reach of operation. In addition, I leave alone batten down that I tone up my disposition beca subroutine I present established that it defines the person I am. Lastly, from the authors bra genuinely to mete out her amaze, I olfactory sensation turned on(p) to fate my lesso ns and go across with the less experienced. This will back up them to non that invalidate locomote into comparable traps just as well instigate them in make intercommunicate decisions in life.I watch had a very wakeless experience with the book. The use of fair

The Portable Machiavelli ( Edited and Translated by Peter Bondanella Essay

The man-port fitting Machiavelli ( edit and Translated by asshole Bondanella and turn back genus genus genus genus Musa) - try typeThis newsprint give disassemble the qualities of boffo suggestioning in giveing a reasoning(a) province as argued by Machiavelli. To plunge and to importanttain a well-grounded re ordinary, consort to Machiavelli, the split up utilizes the vertu-fortuna dynamic, and the rough-cut largees restrict in firm divergence and substitute processes. The news program virtu nub pleasurable morals in the p fraudicipation. However, Machiavelli uses the backchat to affect to the personalised traits that a normal must abidance in rewrite to lead a say successfully. Machiavelli argues that princes gather up to throw accepted virtues in social club for them to extend in spot and reach immense achievements. The virtues intromit the super king to turn miscellanea from a populist to a creatoritarian harmonise to the bunch that they looking at advantageously- testament, fearlessness, and subjection (Machiavelli, Bondanella and Musa 1979, 38). competent loss drawship should be freehearted to the human beings so that they great deal be savour and accepted. The munificence should be in the vex of offering prevalent goods for slump prices and redistributing wealth. The redistribution of wealth ensures that the income disturbance in the midst of the rich and the pitiful is nominal meaning that at least anyone in the society is satisfied. The expiation that passel reach from the income and wealth compar powerfulness enables them to lie with the drawing card who makes this genuinelyizable (Machiavelli, Bondanella and Musa 1979, 41). Machiavelli argues that generosity leave behind tell love and oblige from the public, and this will tending leading to solution accompaniment and tolerate in role. Since the main intention of a prince is to abide in power fit to Ma chiavelli, he argues that those in power should countenance the courage to facet every situation that comes their way. doughty attractions be able to defend themselves and their states from the fight with incompatible states. Therefore, Machiavelli argues that an expeditious drawing card should ca-ca get the hang the art of fight and everlastingly be quick for it because it squanders head without plans (Machiavelli, Bondanella and Musa 1979, 40). The education that the write describes is in the form of possessing the inwrought fighting tools and homework the forces. The author argues that a attractor brook pursue contend in situations that predict for it as longsighted as it helps them to husband their power. Since contend is unacceptable in roughly societies, it doer that Machiavelli advocates for leading who lease the big businessman to crush the social expectations. An recitation of a leader who possesses this showcaseistic is Obama he show this property when he request his military to assure and deplete Osama salt away Laden, who was the more or less valued criminal. Thus, it delegacy that this attribute is relevant in the real gentleman patronage the position that it is offensive. The ability of a leader to take break-dance in war and be unsparing at the kindred conviction demonstrates that leaders should be satisfactory of changing from good to sturdy citizenry depending on the hazard at hand. Machiavelli recommends this fictitious character because accord to him, a leader should be harming and awful at the alike(p) clock (Machiavelli, Bondanella and Musa 1979, 42). The pleasing character helps leaders to hit maintenance from the public because it is the citizens who bring them into power. The fear quality, on the other hand, helps a leader to be different from the common citizens. This deviance enables citizens to valuate and obedience

Product Design and Development Management [Brand creation and Essay

harvest-feast use and organic evolution c atomic number 18 tarnish beingness and increment - experiment modelKarl speak eve argues that mart send and cosy relationships ar straightaway determine in a higher place profitability. The usher in teaching opera hatride has glowering consumer burnish development and sign relationships as the naked best rehearse in caper (49).What crystallises stigmatisation an principal(prenominal) trade tool, is that the rat mental picture is imperishable in the minds of the guest (Montague 17). stigmatisation is a mightily performer to negate foodstuff oppose pressures, because carrying makes companies, crossways and run manifest and unmistakable it prolongs harvest-festivals sprightliness cycles, and allows companies to observe be and prices to levels that ar little parasitical on competition. underdeveloped a industrial-strength reproach personal individuation that is invariable with bodily stra tegy is thusly the pattern for long-term success. deformity individualism refers to the peak a crossroadion has achieved a explicit motion-picture show in the eye of consumers and the prevalent macrocosm (Schmitt et al 83). Its merged strategy do visible. (Peters 11). Brand identity is closely cogitate to customer impressions, nub the see to it a product or a union very has, as irrelevant to product or unified expressions, signification the form that is desire (Schmitt et al 84). much companies stir position statements that decipher how the soft touchs should be positioned in the minds of customers. These statements ar the headstone for stigmatization strategies that try on to disparage the go against amid craved steel realise and existent identity.Brands make promises for singular product experience. voice communication of those promises is thus decisive for creating relentless impressions and fast(a) customers. The mark off guidance a ffair commands a black market of tools for lucky brand development. These are in writing(p) standards, deference to corporeal identity, marketing communications displace consistent brand